Title : Surface functionalization of nanodiamonds
Abstract:
The current research and findings have increased the popularity of nano diamond-based polymer nanocomposites. The extraordinary mechanical, chemical, optical, and biological characteristics of the distinctive nanoscale carbon structure units known as nano diamonds (NDs) make them significant and efficient entities for functioning as vehicles for technical and biomedical applications. The nano diamond polymer nanocomposites reduce the number of challenges encountered in the search for high performance polymeric compounds and develop high-performance composites that may be used in electrochemical storage systems for energy. Recent research on polymer-ND composites has shown that adding NDs can improve the physical properties of polymer matrices. The surface of NDs can be functionalized using a number of surface ionogenic groups ( including ether-C -O - C, peroxide-C -O -O, carbonyl-C-O, and hydroxyl-type C - O- H bonding) and hydrocarbon residues.
The functional groups, viz. -OH, -CH3, -CH2, CO2, and -C=O are the main contributors for surface functionalization of NDs . Additionally, biologically active materials may be utilized to modify the surface through chemically immobilised forms (covalent, non-covalent, or both). Enzymes, amino acids, nucleic acids, surfactants, and other biological and non-biological functional groups may also be employed to functionalize the surface of the NDs.
Additional methods for functionalizing NDs include gas phase functionalization, non-covalent functionalization using peptides, proteins, and polymers, along with microwave radiations. Due to their significantly enhanced high specific surface area, which results in the high adsorption ability, the functional groups including oxygen provide biocompatibility, and sp3 diamond cores as well . NDS are regarded as a favoured alternative for drug delivery applications. These functional groups, gives value addition to its structure which in-turn contribute to its chemical properties, stability, and thermal properties..
NDs have an array of advantages and uses, but they additionally carry significant disadvantages too. For instance, an N-V centre emits relatively low emissions as compared to traditional organic dyes. It can be challenging to identify coupled NDs from background fluorescence because coupled NDs may cause structural and functional changes in related proteins.
Audience Take Away:
- Yes, this may provide a practical solution to a problem that could simplify or make a designer’s job more efficient.
- Yes, it could improve the accuracy of a design, or provide new information to assist in a design problem.
